Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Hazardous Noxious Substance (HNS) Monitoring

Abstract

With an increase in international maritime traffic over time, ship accidents such as collisions, sinking, and oil leakages tend to occur more frequently. These accidents occasionally spill large quantities of crude oil in coastal regions, threatening the safety of coastal areas and causing significant economic losses. In addition to oil spill accidents, there has also been a recent steady increase in the number of hazardous noxious substance (HNS) spills. HNS materials are mostly composed of toxic materials, and their spills have a much more significant impact on marine resources and living organisms than general oil spills in the ocean. To obtain the spectral characteristics of the HNS, a ground experiment ofHNS materials was conducted at the Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution (CEDRE) in Brest, France. This study conducted terrestrial hyperspectral experiments on HNS in the preparation for a marine HNS spill accident. This study addresses three key objectives: (1) designing an HNS spill experiment in a marine pool; (2) constructing an HNS spectrum library and obtaining optical imagery simultaneously by observing through a hyperspectral camera over visible and near-infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) wavelength bands; (3) classifying the pixels of the hyperspectral image into HNS and seawater pixels by applying a spectral mixing algorithm.